{"id":17371,"date":"2025-11-12T11:50:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T10:50:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bwi.earth\/?p=17371"},"modified":"2025-11-12T16:54:49","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T15:54:49","slug":"referentiels-altimetriques-ign-hauteurs-rivieres","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bwi.earth\/fr\/referentiels-altimetriques-ign-hauteurs-rivieres\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques de l’IGN contribuent-ils \u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension des hauteurs des rivi\u00e8res ?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques de l\u2019IGN jouent un r\u00f4le essentiel pour comprendre et mesurer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la hauteur des cours d\u2019eau en France. Ils permettent d\u2019obtenir des donn\u00e9es d\u2019altitude fiables, normalis\u00e9es et coh\u00e9rentes sur tout le territoire, facilitant ainsi l\u2019\u00e9tude et le suivi des niveaux d\u2019eau, des inondations et de la gestion hydraulique.<\/em><\/p>\n

Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel altim\u00e9trique IGN ?<\/h2>\n

Un r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel altim\u00e9trique est un syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, comme le NGF (Nivellement G\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la France), qui permet de d\u00e9finir l\u2019altitude de chaque point par rapport au niveau moyen de la mer. Ce r\u00e9seau de rep\u00e8res s\u2019appuie sur des bornes physiques, mesur\u00e9es et recalcul\u00e9es r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement pour garantir la pr\u00e9cision des altitudes sur l\u2019ensemble du territoire. Nous vous en pr\u00e9sentons un exemple via photo ci-dessous, prise dans la ville d’Auterive, en Haute-Garonne.<\/p>\n

Utilit\u00e9 pour la mesure de la hauteur des cours d\u2019eau<\/h2>\n

Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels IGN permettent d\u2019exprimer tous les niveaux d\u2019eau en une m\u00eame unit\u00e9 et par rapport au m\u00eame syst\u00e8me de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, facilitant ainsi la comparaison et l\u2019exploitation des donn\u00e9es hydrologiques. Par exemple, lorsqu\u2019on mesure la hauteur d\u2019un fleuve \u00e0 une station hydrom\u00e9trique, les donn\u00e9es sont converties dans le r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel IGN, ce qui rend l\u2019information utilisable pour la mod\u00e9lisation, la pr\u00e9vision des crues et la gestion des risques.<\/p>\n

Importance des Mod\u00e8les Num\u00e9riques de Terrain IGN<\/h2>\n

Les mod\u00e8les num\u00e9riques de terrain (ex. RGE ALTI\u00ae et BD ALTI\u00ae – RGE pour R\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel \u00e0 Grande Echelle, et BD pour Base de Donn\u00e9es) de l\u2019IGN pr\u00e9sentent une r\u00e9solution \u00e9lev\u00e9e (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 20 cm dans les zones inondables), permettant d\u2019obtenir la forme et l\u2019altitude exacte du lit et des berges des cours d\u2019eau. Ces mod\u00e8les alimentent les simulations d\u2019\u00e9coulement, les cartes d\u2019al\u00e9as et de risques, et permettent une meilleure anticipation des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes hydrologiques.<\/p>\n

Application concr\u00e8te en gestion des eaux<\/h2>\n

Gr\u00e2ce aux r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques, il est possible de :
\n– D\u00e9finir la cote de crue ou de s\u00e9cheresse d\u2019un cours d\u2019eau par rapport \u00e0 une altitude commune.
\n– Cartographier les zones inondables pour les plans d\u2019urbanisme et de pr\u00e9vention.
\n– Interpr\u00e9ter les mesures hydrom\u00e9triques et les comparer d\u2019une r\u00e9gion \u00e0 l\u2019autre.<\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

En somme, les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques de l\u2019IGN sont indispensables pour garantir la fiabilit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es de hauteur des cours d\u2019eau, harmoniser les informations et soutenir l\u2019aide \u00e0 la d\u00e9cision dans les politiques de gestion de l\u2019eau et la pr\u00e9vention des risques naturels.<\/em><\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/section>\n\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00e9couvrez comment les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques de l\u2019IGN, comme le NGF, permettent de mesurer et de comparer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la hauteur des cours d\u2019eau en France. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des grilles de conversion et des mod\u00e8les num\u00e9riques de terrain, ces outils sont essentiels pour la gestion des risques d\u2019inondation, la mod\u00e9lisation hydrologique et la planification territoriale.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":17372,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[422],"tags":[423,420,419],"class_list":["post-17371","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hydrologie","tag-bassin-versant","tag-france-3","tag-hydrologie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nComment les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques de l'IGN contribuent-ils \u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension des hauteurs des rivi\u00e8res ? - Blue Water Intelligence (BWI)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Apprenez \u00e0 utiliser les r\u00e9f\u00e9rentiels altim\u00e9triques IGN pour comprendre la hauteur des cours d\u2019eau et g\u00e9rer les risques d\u2019inondation. 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